What type of condition would a positive Mantoux test suggest?

A positive Mantoux test indicates exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium that causes tuberculosis (TB). This test involves intradermal injection of purified protein derivative (PPD) and assesses the immune response. If significant swelling or induration occurs at the injection site after 48 to 72 hours, it suggests that the individual has been sensitized to the proteins from the TB bacteria, indicating possible exposure or prior infection.

Other conditions listed, such as pneumonia, COVID-19, and asthma, do not relate to the specifics of the Mantoux test. Pneumonia is primarily diagnosed through clinical symptoms and imaging, while COVID-19 is identified through PCR or rapid antigen tests targeting SARS-CoV-2. Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition assessed through symptoms, lung function tests, and history rather than through a tuberculosis skin test.