What is the primary function of liver enzymes ALT and AST?

The primary function of liver enzymes such as ALT (alanine aminotransferase) and AST (aspartate aminotransferase) is to assess liver function and damage. These enzymes are present in high concentrations in liver cells and are released into the bloodstream when liver cells are damaged or inflamed. Elevated levels of ALT and AST in the blood can indicate liver conditions such as hepatitis, fatty liver disease, or liver cirrhosis, making them important markers in diagnosing and monitoring liver health.

While the liver does perform various functions, including synthesizing bile acids, breaking down fatty acids, and regulating blood glucose levels, these activities are not the primary role of ALT and AST. Instead, these enzymes serve as indicators of liver cell integrity and overall hepatic function, providing crucial information about potential liver damage to healthcare providers.