What is the main function of the Coombs test?

The main function of the Coombs test is to detect antibodies against red blood cells. This test is primarily used in transfusion medicine to identify hemolytic anemia or to screen for possible incompatibility in blood transfusions. By determining the presence of antibodies that may attack red blood cells, healthcare providers can assess the risk of adverse reactions in patients who may receive blood transfusions. The Coombs test comes in two forms: direct and indirect, each providing crucial information about immunological activity involving red blood cells.

The other options provided relate to different parameters. For instance, assessing blood coagulation involves different specific tests, like the PT or aPTT. Measuring oxygen levels in the blood is typically conducted using pulse oximetry or arterial blood gas analysis. Blood glucose levels are measured through specific tests like the fasting blood sugar test or glucose tolerance tests. Each of these has distinct purposes that do not align with the Coombs test's role in identifying potential immune responses against red blood cells.