What does the term "hemolysis" specifically refer to?

The term "hemolysis" specifically refers to the breakdown of red blood cells. This process occurs when the cell membranes of red blood cells become compromised, leading to the release of hemoglobin and other intracellular components into the surrounding fluid. Hemolysis can happen due to various factors, including immune reactions, infections, certain medical conditions, or mechanical forces. Understanding hemolysis is essential in medical diagnostics, as the presence of hemolyzed blood samples can affect laboratory test results and indicate underlying pathological conditions.