What does the term "hemolysis" refer to?

Hemolysis refers to the destruction of red blood cells, a process that can occur due to various factors including immune reactions, infection, or mechanical trauma. During hemolysis, the integrity of the red blood cell membrane is compromised, leading to the release of hemoglobin and other intracellular components into the surrounding fluid. This process is crucial in understanding various medical conditions, such as hemolytic anemia and transfusion reactions, where the body is unable to properly manage the breakdown of red blood cells.

The other options describe distinct physiological processes unrelated to hemolysis. The formation of new blood cells pertains to hematopoiesis, while the absorption of nutrients in the intestine is a digestive process, and the production of antibodies is part of the immune response. Each of these plays a unique role in the body's overall function but does not directly relate to the breakdown of red blood cells.