What aspect of blood cell analysis does a differential white blood cell count specifically provide?

A differential white blood cell count specifically provides the percentage composition of different types of white blood cells (WBCs) present in the blood. This test categorizes the various types of WBCs, such as neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils, allowing healthcare professionals to assess the individual's immune response and identify potential abnormalities.

For example, an increase in neutrophils might indicate a bacterial infection, while a higher percentage of eosinophils could suggest an allergic reaction or parasitic infection. By analyzing these percentages, clinicians can gain valuable insight into the patient's overall health and the presence of specific medical conditions.

The other aspects mentioned, such as the size and shape of blood cells, are generally assessed through other tests like a complete blood count (CBC) or microscopic examination of a blood smear, and the presence of abnormal cells might indicate a broader analysis that includes various tests beyond just the differential count. Thus, the focus of the differential white blood cell count is specifically on the percentage composition of the different types of white blood cells.